Pamene dziko likukonzekera kusiya mphamvu ya petulo kukhala yamagetsi, tiyeni tiwone mwachangu zina mwa njinga zamoto zamagetsi zabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Izi ndizosapeweka komanso zosasinthika.Palibe kubwerera mmbuyo.Kusintha kuchokera ku injini yoyaka mkati kupita kumagetsi athunthu kukuyenda bwino, ndipo mayendedwe akukula kwa mabatire ndi ma mota amagetsi akwera kwambiri zaka zingapo zapitazi.Njinga zamoto zamagetsi tsopano zafika poti posachedwapa zidzakhala zopindulitsa pamsika wamakono kusiyana ndi makina achikhalidwe.Pakalipano, makampani ang'onoang'ono, odziimira okha akhala akutsogolera chitukuko cha mawilo awiri amagetsi, koma chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chuma, sanathe kukwera pamlingo waukulu.Komabe, zonsezi zidzasintha.
Malinga ndi lipoti latsatanetsatane la kafukufuku wamsika lomwe latulutsidwa posachedwa ndi P&S Intelligence, msika wapanjinga zamoto wapadziko lonse lapansi ukuyembekezeka kukula kuchokera pafupifupi US $ 5.9 biliyoni mu 2019 mpaka US $ 10.53 biliyoni mu 2025. Kulimbikitsa magalimoto amagetsi, opanga zazikulu pomaliza adavomereza kufunika kosinthira kumagetsi. magalimoto ndikuyamba kukonzekera zosintha zazikulu zomwe zikubwera.M'mwezi wa Marichi chaka chino, Honda, Yamaha, Piaggio, ndi KTM adalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano wosinthika wa batri.Cholinga chomwe chanenedwa ndikukhazikitsa ukadaulo wa batire yosinthika ya mawilo awiri amagetsi, omwe akuyembekezeka kuchepetsa ndalama zachitukuko, kuthetsa mavuto a moyo wa batri ndi nthawi yolipirira, ndipo pamapeto pake kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njinga zamagetsi.
M'zaka 10 zapitazi, chitukuko cha ma scooters amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zakhala zikuchitika m'madera osiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mogwirizana ndi malamulo a m'deralo ndi zofunikira.Mwachitsanzo, ku India, ma scooters amagetsi otsika mtengo, ogulidwa ndi China, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo.Iwo ali ndi maulendo ang'onoang'ono oyendayenda komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito.Tsopano zinthu zasintha.Ena opanga zida zoyambira m'derali apereka mawonekedwe abwino opangira, mabatire akulu ndi ma mota amagetsi amphamvu kwambiri.Poganizira zovuta zochepa zolipirira zomangamanga pano, kuchuluka kwake ndi magwiridwe antchito operekedwa ndi makinawa akadali okwera mtengo (poyerekeza ndi njinga zamoto zachikhalidwe) ndipo sizoyenera kwa aliyense.Komabe, muyenera kuyamba penapake.Makampani monga Tata Power, EESL, Magenta, Fortum, TecSo, Volttic, NTPC ndi Ather akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti amange ndikukulitsa zida zolipirira magalimoto amagetsi ku India.
Kumsika wakumadzulo, ambiri a iwo akhazikitsa njira yolipirira yolimba, ndipo njinga zamoto ndizongochita zosangalatsa kuposa zoyendera.Chifukwa chake, kuyang'ana kwakhala nthawi zonse pamakongoletsedwe, mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito.Manjinga ena amagetsi ku United States ndi ku Europe tsopano ndi abwino kwambiri, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi makina azikhalidwe, makamaka mtengowo ukaganiziridwanso.Pakali pano, injini ya petulo GSX-R1000, ZX-10R kapena Fireblade akadali wosayerekezeka ndi kuphatikiza wangwiro osiyanasiyana, mphamvu, ntchito, mtengo ndi zothandiza, koma akuyembekezeka kuti zinthu zidzasintha mu zaka zitatu kapena zisanu zotsatira. .Magwiridwe ake amaposa omwe adatsogolera ma injini a IC.Nthawi yomweyo, tiyeni tiwone mwachangu zina mwanjinga zamoto zamagetsi zomwe zili pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Chitsanzo cholowera cha Damon Hypersport electric sports bike series, yomwe idavumbulutsidwa ku CES ku Las Vegas chaka chatha, imayambira pa US $ 16,995 (Rs 1.23.6 miliyoni), ndipo chitsanzo chapamwamba chikhoza kufika ku US $ 39,995 ( Rs 2.91 lakh).Dongosolo lamagetsi la "HyperDrive" lapamwamba kwambiri la Hypersport Premier lili ndi batire ya 20kWh ndi mota yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi yomwe imatha kupanga 150kW (200bhp) ndi torque 235Nm.Njinga imeneyi imatha kuthamanga kuchoka pa ziro kufika pa 100 km/h pasanathe masekondi atatu, ndipo imanena kuti ithamanga kwambiri mpaka 320 km/h, zomwe zimadabwitsa kwambiri ngati zili zoona.Pogwiritsa ntchito chojambulira chofulumira cha DC, batire ya Hypersport imatha kulipiritsidwa 90% m'maola a 2.5 okha, ndipo batire yodzaza mokwanira imatha kuyenda makilomita 320 mumzinda wosakanikirana ndi msewu waukulu.
Ngakhale njinga zamagetsi zina zimawoneka ngati zovutirapo komanso zovutirapo, thupi la Damon Hypersport ndi losema mokongola ndi mkono wa rocker wa mbali imodzi, womwe umafanana ndi Ducati Panigale V4.Monga Panigale, Hypersport ili ndi mawonekedwe a monocoque, Ohlins kuyimitsidwa ndi mabuleki a Brembo.Komanso, chipangizo chamagetsi ndi Integrated katundu wonyamula gawo la chimango, amene amathandiza kuonjezera okhwima ndi konza kugawa kulemera.Mosiyana ndi njinga zachikhalidwe, makina a Damon amatenga kapangidwe kamagetsi kosinthika kamagetsi (zopondapo ndi zogwirizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizinda ndi misewu yayikulu zimakhala mosiyana), makina owonera 360-degree omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makamera akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo, ndi radar yakutali yochenjeza okwera kuopsa komwe kungachitike. Mkhalidwe wowopsa wamagalimoto.M'malo mwake, mothandizidwa ndiukadaulo wamakamera ndi radar, Damon yochokera ku Vancouver ikukonzekera kukwaniritsa kupeŵa kugundana kotheratu pofika chaka cha 2030, zomwe ndi zoyamikirika.
Honda ndi kampani yomwe ili ndi pulani yayikulu yamagalimoto amagetsi ku China.Zinawulula kuti Energica imayang'anira ku Modena, Italy, ndipo m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso maulendo osiyanasiyana, njinga zamagetsi za Ego zakhala zikupezeka kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena zisanu ndi zitatu, ndipo nthawi zonse zimapanga ndondomeko ndi machitidwe.Ego+ RS yodziwika bwino ya 2021 ili ndi batri ya lithiamu polymer ya 21.5kWh, yomwe imatha kulipiritsidwa mkati mwa ola limodzi pogwiritsa ntchito charger yofulumira ya DC.Batire imathandizira maginito okhazikika a njinga yamoto ya AC, yomwe imatha kupanga 107kW (145bhp) ndi torque ya 215Nm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Ego + ifulumire kuchoka pa ziro kufika ku 100km / h mu masekondi 2.6 ndikufikira liwiro lalikulu la 240km / h.M'magalimoto akumatauni, mtunda ndi makilomita 400, ndipo m'misewu yayikulu ndi makilomita 180.
Ego + RS ili ndi tubular steel trellis, foloko ya Marzocchi yosinthika bwino kutsogolo, Bitubo monoshock kumbuyo, ndi mabuleki a Brembo okhala ndi switchable ABS kuchokera ku Bosch.Kuphatikiza apo, pali magawo 6 owongolera ma traction, control cruise control, Bluetooth ndi kulumikizana kwa smartphone, ndi gulu la zida zamtundu wa TFT zokhala ndi GPS wolandila.Energica ndi kampani yowona ya buluu yaku Italy, ndipo Ego+ ndi njinga yamoto yochita bwino kwambiri yomwe imakhala yoyendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi m'malo mwa V4 yothamanga kwambiri.Mtengo wake ndi 25,894 mayuro (2,291,000 rupees), ndiwokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo mosiyana ndi Harley LiveWire, ilibe netiweki yayikulu yothandizira kuti ithandizire kugulitsa ndi ntchito pambuyo pake.Komabe, Energica Ego + RS mosakayikira ndi chinthu chokhala ndi magetsi abwino komanso mawonekedwe osasunthika a njinga zamasewera aku Italy.
Zero imayang'anira ku California ndipo idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 ndipo yakhala ikupanga njinga zamoto zamagetsi kwa zaka khumi zapitazi.Mu 2021, kampaniyo idakhazikitsa SR/S yapamwamba kwambiri yoyendetsedwa ndi makina amagetsi a Zeroo "Z-Force", ndikutengera chassis yopepuka komanso yolimba yopangidwa ndi aluminiyumu yoyendetsa ndege kuti achepetse kulemera.Zero yoyamba yodzaza ndi njinga yamoto yamagetsi ya SR / S ilinso ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Cypher III a kampani, zomwe zimalola wokwerayo kuti akonze dongosolo ndi kutulutsa mphamvu molingana ndi zomwe amakonda, potero kumuthandiza kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino njingayo.Zero adati kulemera kwa SR/S ndi 234 kg, komwe kumatengera kapangidwe kazamlengalenga ndipo kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amlengalenga, potero kumawonjezera mtunda wa njinga.Mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 22,000 US dollars (1.6 miliyoni rupees).SR/S imayendetsedwa ndi maginito okhazikika a AC mota, yomwe imatha kupanga 82kW (110bhp) ndi torque ya 190Nm, kulola njinga kuti ifulumire kuchoka paziro kupita ku 100km/h mu masekondi 3.3 okha, ndipo imakhala ndi liwiro lalikulu Kufikira maola 200.Mutha kuyendetsa mpaka makilomita 260 m'tawuni ndi makilomita 160 pamsewu waukulu;monga njinga yamagetsi yamagetsi, kuponda pa accelerator kumachepetsa mtunda, choncho kuthamanga ndi chinthu chomwe chimatsimikizira kutalika komwe mungayende pamwamba pa ziro.
Zero ndi imodzi mwamakampani ochepa omwe amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njinga zamoto zamagetsi, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.Mabasiketi olowera amayambira pansi mpaka US$9,200 (Rs 669,000), koma akadali otsika mtengo kwambiri.Mlingo wa khalidwe la zomangamanga.Ngati m'tsogolomu, pali wopanga njinga yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imatha kulowa mumsika wa Indian, zikhoza kukhala zero.
Ngati cholinga cha Harley LiveWire ndikukhala njinga yamoto yamagetsi yomwe anthu ambiri angakwanitse, ndiye kuti Arc Vector ili kumapeto ena.Mtengo wa Vector ndi 90,000 pounds (9.273 miliyoni rupees), mtengo wake umaposa kanayi kuposa wa LiveWire, ndipo kupanga kwake kumangokhala mayunitsi 399.Arc yochokera ku UK idakhazikitsa Vector pachiwonetsero cha EICMA ku Milan mu 2018, koma kampaniyo idakumana ndi mavuto azachuma.Komabe, woyambitsa kampaniyo ndi CEO Mark Truman (yemwe m'mbuyomu adatsogolera gulu la Jaguar Land Rover la "Skunk Factory" lomwe limayang'anira kupanga malingaliro apamwamba agalimoto yamtsogolo) adakwanitsa kupulumutsa Arc, ndipo tsopano zinthu zabwerera.
Arc Vector ndiyoyenera njinga zamagetsi zokwera mtengo.Imatengera kapangidwe ka carbon fiber monocoque, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kulemera kwa makina mpaka 220 kg.Kutsogolo, foloko yakutsogolo yasiyidwa, ndipo chiwongolero ndi mkono wakutsogolo wokhazikika pa gudumu wagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kukwera ndi kuwongolera.Izi, kuphatikizika ndi mawonekedwe anjinga anjinga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamtengo wapatali (zamlengalenga wa aluminiyamu ndi zamkuwa), zimapangitsa Vector kukhala yokongola kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, kuyendetsa unyolo kwapereka njira ku dongosolo lovuta lamba kuti likwaniritse bwino ntchito ndikuchepetsa ntchito yokonza.
Potengera magwiridwe antchito, Vector imayendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi ya 399V, yomwe imatha kupanga 99kW (133bhp) ndi torque 148Nm.Ndi izi, njinga imatha kuthamanga kuchokera paziro kufika pa 100km / h mu masekondi 3.2 ndikufika pa liwiro lapamwamba lamagetsi la 200km / h.Battery ya Vector's 16.8kWh Samsung imatha kulipiritsidwa m'mphindi 40 zokha pogwiritsa ntchito DC kuthamanga mwachangu ndipo imatha kuyenda pafupifupi makilomita 430.Monga njinga yamoto yamakono yothamanga kwambiri ya petulo, Vector yamagetsi yonse ilinso ndi ABS, njira zowongolera zowongolera ndi zokwera, komanso chiwonetsero chamutu (kuti mupeze zambiri zamagalimoto) ndi foni yanzeru- monga tactile alert system, kubweretsa nyengo yatsopano ya Riding.Sindiyembekeza kuwona Arc Vector ku India posachedwa, koma njinga iyi imatiwonetsa zomwe tingayembekezere zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zikubwerazi.
Pakalipano, zochitika za njinga yamoto yamagetsi ku India sizolimbikitsa kwambiri.Kusazindikira momwe njinga zamagetsi zimatha kugwirira ntchito, kusowa kwa zida zolipirira, komanso nkhawa zosiyanasiyana ndi zina mwazifukwa zomwe zimafunikira kuchepa.Chifukwa chakusowa kwaulesi, makampani ochepera amalolera kupanga ndalama zazikulu popanga, kupanga ndi kutsatsa njinga zamoto zamagetsi.Malinga ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi ResearchandMarkets.com, msika waku India wamagalimoto awiri amagetsi anali pafupifupi magalimoto 150,000 chaka chatha ndipo akuyembekezeka kukula ndi 25% pachaka pazaka zisanu zikubwerazi.Pakali pano, msikawu umakhala ndi ma scooters otsika mtengo komanso njinga zokhala ndi mabatire a lead-acid otsika mtengo.Komabe, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi njinga zamtengo wapatali zidzawoneka, zokhala ndi mabatire amphamvu kwambiri a lithiamu-ion (opereka maulendo ochuluka).
Osewera otchuka m'munda wanjinga yamagetsi / scooter ku India akuphatikizapo Bajaj, Hero Electric, TVS, Revolt, Tork Motors, Ather ndi Ultraviolette.Makampaniwa amapanga ma scooters amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zamtengo pakati pa 50,000 mpaka 300,000 rupees, ndipo amapereka magwiridwe antchito otsika mpaka apakatikati, omwe nthawi zina amatha kufananizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito omwe amaperekedwa ndi njinga zachikhalidwe za 250-300cc.Nthawi yomweyo, podziwa zamtsogolo zomwe mawilo amagetsi amagetsi angapereke ku India mtsogolo mwanthawi yayitali, makampani ena amafunanso kutenga nawo gawo.Hero MotoCorp ikuyembekezeka kuyamba kupanga njinga zamagetsi mu 2022, Mahindra's Classic Legends atha kupanga njinga zamagetsi pansi pamtundu wa Jawa, Yezdi kapena BSA, ndipo Honda, KTM ndi Husqvarna atha kukhala opikisana nawo omwe akufuna kulowa nawo gawo la njinga zamagetsi ku India, ngakhale iwo Palibe chilengezo chovomerezeka pankhaniyi.
Ngakhale Ultraviolette F77 (yamtengo wapatali pa Rs 300,000) ikuwoneka yamakono komanso yowoneka bwino komanso imapereka masewera oyenerera, mawilo ena amagetsi amagetsi omwe alipo pano ku India amangotengera kuchitapo kanthu ndipo alibe chikhumbo chilichonse chochita bwino.Izi zikhoza kusintha m'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, koma zikuwonekeratu kuti ndani akutsogolera ndondomekoyi komanso momwe msika wa njinga zamagetsi udzakhazikitsira ku India.